A magnon corresponds to the specific amount of energy required to change the magnetization of a material via a collective excitation called a spin wave.īecause they interact with magnetic fields, magnons can be used to encode and transport data without electron flows, which involve energy loss through heating (known as Joule heating) of the conductor used. Like electronics or photonics, magnonics is an engineering subfield that aims to advance information technologies when it comes to speed, device architecture, and energy consumption.
In i, bits at CPW1 and CPW2 were magnetized to state 1.
h Mag( S11) at P sens and i Mag( S21) taken at +14 mT. The error bars indicate the 70% and 30% transitions (Methods). The 50% transition power levels P C1 and P C2, respectively, are marked as black dots. Yield of bit writing (dark) underneath f CPW1 and g CPW2 by propagating SWs at μ 0 H B = + 14 mT. Analyzing signal strengths of mode branches (blue and orange dashed lines), fields H C1 and H C2 are extracted reflecting bit reversal. c– e Transmission signals Mag( S21) are taken at three different power levels P irr by applying electromagnetic (em) waves via a vector network analyzer (VNA). b Depending on the spin-wave (SW) amplitude bit writing (I and II), reading (III) and data replication (IV) are achieved without charge flow. a Two lattices of Py nanostripes (bistable magnetic bits) underneath coplanar waveguides (CPWs) on an insulating YIG film. VNA requires Personal Computer with USB interface.Magnonic memory effect–Reading and writing of magnetic bits by spin waves.
Data can be displayed in the rectangular, Smith or polar diagrams. The measurement range of reflection factor phase is from 0 to ☑80° for 0.1-50 dB in frequency range to 75 GHz, for A x >-30 dB - to 170 GHz. The measurement range of reflection factor modulus is from 0 to 1. The R42XXE Vector Network Analyzers are designed for measuring of S-parameters, VSWR and impedance of waveguide networks in the full frequency ranges of standard waveguides between 33 and 170 GHz.
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